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The Cognitive and Motivational Benefits of Gamification in English Language Learning: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Background
Gamification has been increasingly used in English language learning, with studies suggesting its potential to enhance cognitive processes and learner motivation. Gamification enhances student involvement and boosts cognitive abilities such as concentration, memory, and other mental processes by integrating game-like features, including point systems, incentives, instantaneous feedback, and achievement monitoring.
Objective
This systematic review examines the cognitive benefits of gamification on working memory and attention in English language learners. It investigates how gamification contributes to measurable improvements in memory retention and attentional control while identifying the underlying cognitive and motivational mechanisms that enhance learning outcomes.
Methods
This systematic review analyzed 30 peer-reviewed studies from 2020 to 2024 on the cognitive benefits of gamification in English language learning. Studies were selected from Scopus, Web of Science, and Eric using strict inclusion criteria, focusing on gamification’s impact on cognitive functions like working memory, attention, and processing speed. Both empirical and theoretical studies with a psycholinguistic focus were included. A narrative analysis was conducted to identify key patterns and trends across classroom and online learning contexts.
Results
Gamification significantly enhances working memory and attention control in English language learners, yielding measurable improvements in memory retention and focus through game elements, such as rewards and progress tracking. However, these cognitive gains diminish over time as the novelty of game elements wanes, underscoring the need for continuous innovation in game design.
Conclusion
The review also outlines critical cognitive and motivational mechanisms, such as emotional engagement and social interaction, which support sustained cognitive improvements but require ongoing adaptation to maintain their effectiveness.
